Topographical Features of La Palma

Central Ridge and Volcanic Peaks

La Palma’s landscape is dominated by a central ridge running north to south, culminating in the Caldera de Taburiente, including the Roque de los Muchachos at 28.7573°N, 17.8924°W, with an elevation of 2,426 meters. This central spine divides the island into distinct eastern and western regions. The eastern slope is characterized by steep escarpments and deep barrancos, such as Barranco de las Angustias, indicative of intense volcanic and erosional activity. These barrancos radiate from the central ridge, demonstrating the island’s volcanic origins and subsequent erosion. In contrast, the western slope descends more gradually, presenting a diverse terrain influenced by the central ridge’s gradient.

Coastal Periphery and Ravine Networks

La Palma’s coastal periphery contrasts sharply with its rugged central spine. The eastern coast features steep cliffs and narrow coastal plains, while the western coast has a milder relief with broader valleys. This topographical variation is due to differential erosion rates and volcanic activity. The island’s complex network of ravines is more prominent in the east, forming an intricate drainage system. Valleys like Aridane and Los Sauces, with fertile soils, are shaped by the convergence of barrancos, reflecting La Palma’s dynamic geological past. The topographical diversity from the volcanic central ridge to the coastal edges makes La Palma a unique geographical entity.

Fig1. Illustration of the topography of the island of La Palma.

Fig2. 3D topography rendering of the island of La Palma.