Topographical Features of Lanzarote

Volcanic Landscape and Montañas del Fuego

Lanzarote’s landscape is dominated by its volcanic origins, prominently featuring the Montañas del Fuego (Fire Mountains) within the Timanfaya National Park, located at 29.0094°N, 13.6689°W. The highest peak is Peñas del Chache at 29.1596°N, 13.4931°W, with an elevation of 671 meters. The island’s topography is marked by volcanic cones, craters, and extensive lava fields resulting from historical eruptions, particularly those in the 18th and 19th centuries. The northern region is characterized by the Famara massif, a significant mountainous area that descends sharply to the coast, forming dramatic cliffs and escarpments.

Coastal Periphery and Lava Fields

Lanzarote’s coastal periphery presents a striking contrast between rugged lava coastlines and sandy beaches. The eastern coast features extensive beaches, such as Playa de Papagayo, while the western coast is defined by rough, volcanic shores. The island’s flat areas, particularly in the central and southern regions, are interspersed with volcanic cones and craters, forming a unique lunar-like landscape. The island’s drainage system is minimal due to its arid climate, with few significant ravines or valleys. The fertile soils in areas like La Geria are used for unique agricultural practices, such as growing vines in volcanic ash pits, reflecting Lanzarote’s adaptation to its geological conditions. The topographical diversity, from volcanic highlands to coastal plains, makes Lanzarote a distinctive geographical entity within the Canary Islands.

Fig1. Illustration of the topography of the island of Lanzarote.

Fig2. 3D topography rendering of the island of Lanzarote.