Topographical Features of Tenerife

Central Spine and Teide Massif

Tenerife’s landscape is dominated by a central spine running northeast to southwest, culminating in the Teide Massif, including Mount Teide at 28.2725°N, 16.6425°W, with an elevation of 3,715 meters. This mountainous backbone divides the island into distinct northern and southern regions. The northern slope is characterized by deep barrancos, such as Barranco de Masca, indicative of intense erosional processes. These barrancos, following a radial pattern from the central ridge, demonstrate the interaction between volcanic activity and erosion. In contrast, the southern slope descends more gradually, presenting a diverse terrain influenced by the central spine’s gradient.

Coastal Periphery and Valley Networks

Tenerife’s coastal periphery contrasts sharply with its rugged central spine. The northern coast features steep Cliffs, while the southern coast is defined by a milder relief with broader valleys. This topographical variation is due to differential erosion rates. The island’s complex valley networks are more prominent in the north, forming an intricate drainage system. Valleys like Orotava and Güimar, with fertile soils, are shaped by the convergence of barrancos, reflecting Tenerife’s dynamic geological past. The topographical diversity from the volcanic central spine to the coastal edges makes Tenerife a unique geographical entity.

Fig1. Illustration of the topography of the island of Tenerife.

Fig2. 3D topography rendering of the island of Tenerife.